Andorra

Andorra, officially the Principality of Andorra is a small landlocked country located in the eastern Pyrenees Mountains and bordered by Spain and France. Given its relative isolation, Andorra has existed outside the mainstream of European history, with few ties to countries other than France and Spain. It is currently a prosperous country mainly because of tourism and its status as a tax haven. The people of Andorra are currently listed as having the highest human life expectancies on Earth, at an average of 83.52 years.

Tradition holds that Charles the Great granted a charter to Andorran people in return for fighting against the Moors. In 1278 the signing of a paréage provided that Andorra's sovereignty be shared between the French head of state and the bishop of La Seu d'Urgell, in Catalonia, Spain. This gave the small principality its territory and political form.

Its political system was thoroughly modernized in 1993, the year in which it became a member of the United Nations.